LaTeX 子图排版和子图垂直对齐

LaTeX 子图排版和子图垂直对齐

本文参考：

三个宏包的选择

Package subfigure – Deprecated: Figures divided into subfigures

The pack­age is now con­sid­ered ob­so­lete: it was su­per­seded by sub­fig, but users may find the more re­cent sub­cap­tion pack­age more sat­is­fac­tory.

subfigure 包已经被废弃，推荐使用 subfig 包。如果想要使用更加新的宏包，就用 subcaption 包。

使用例

subfig

Example using the subfig package:

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\begin{figure}%
\centering
    \subfloat[First.]{...}\qquad
    \subfloat[Second figure.]{...}\\
    \subfloat[Third.]{\label{3figs-c}...}%
    \caption{Three sub-floats.}
    \label{3figs}
\end{figure}

caption 和 subcaption

caption and subcaption

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\usepackage[%
    font={small,sf},
    labelfont=bf,
    format=hang,    
    format=plain,
    margin=0pt,
    width=0.8\textwidth,
]{caption}
\usepackage[list=true]{subcaption}
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  \begin{figure}
  \centering

  \subcaptionbox{Subcaption A}{
    \includegraphics[width=0.20\textwidth]{example-image-a}
  }
  
  \hfill
  
  \subcaptionbox{Subcaption B}{
    \includegraphics[width=0.20\textwidth]{example-image-b}
  }

  \hfill
  
  \subcaptionbox{Subcaption C}{
    \includegraphics[width=0.20\textwidth]{example-image-c}
  }
  
  \hfill
  
  \subcaptionbox{Subcaption D}{
    \includegraphics[width=0.20\textwidth]{example-image}
  }

  \caption{Caption}
\end{figure}

subcaption with hfill

子图垂直对齐

subcaption

The optional argument for the subfigure environment provides the placement of the sub-caption anchor. This is used to align the sub-captions vertically.

subcaption align

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\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx,subcaption}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \texttt{subfigure} with \texttt{[t]}op alignment

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-c}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \texttt{subfigure} with \texttt{[c]}entre alignment (default)

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-c}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \texttt{subfigure} with \texttt{[b]}ottom alignment

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[b]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[b]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \begin{subfigure}[b]{.3\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-c}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

对于不同尺寸的图片进行垂直对齐：

subcaption spread

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\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx,subcaption}

\newsavebox{\imagebox}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
  \centering

  Default

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=75pt]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\qquad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=5pc]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \verb|\raisebox| to vertical top

  \medskip

  % Store largest image in a box
  \savebox{\imagebox}{
    \includegraphics[width=.2\linewidth,height=75pt]{example-image-a}
  }%

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\usebox{\imagebox} % Place largest image
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\qquad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\raisebox{\dimexpr\ht\imagebox-\height}{% Raise smaller image into place
      \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=5pc]{example-image-b}}%
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  \verb|\raisebox| to vertical centre

  \medskip

  % Store largest image in a box
  \savebox{\imagebox}{
    \includegraphics[width=.2\linewidth,height=75pt]{example-image-a}
  }%

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\usebox{\imagebox}% Place largest image
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\qquad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\raisebox{\dimexpr.5\ht\imagebox-.5\height}{% Raise smaller image into place
      \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth,height=5pc]{example-image-b}}%
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

子图水平分布

subcaption

subcaption spread

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\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{graphicx,subcaption}
\usepackage[margin=1cm,showframe]{geometry}% Just for this example

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
  \centering

  Fixed separation using \verb|\quad| (or \verb|\qquad|, or \verb|\hspace|)

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\quad
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  Even spread via \verb|\hfill|

  \medskip

  \mbox{}\hfill  
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\hfill
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}
  \hfill\mbox{}

  \bigskip\hrulefill\bigskip

  Full spread via \verb|\hfill|

  \medskip

  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-a}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption. This is a sub-caption}
  \end{subfigure}\hfill
  \begin{subfigure}[t]{.4\linewidth}
    \centering\includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{example-image-b}
    \caption{This is a sub-caption.}
  \end{subfigure}

\end{figure}

\end{document}

多行子图使用例

many sub figures

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\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{subfigure}
\usepackage{subfloat}
\usepackage{float}
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 \begin{figure*}[ht!]
  \centering
  \subfigure[] 
  {
      \label{subfig:lab1}
      \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/1.pdf}
  } 
  %
  \subfigure[] 
  {
      \label{subfig:lab2}
      \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/2.pdf}
  }
  %
  \subfigure[] 
  {
      \label{subfig:lab3}
      \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/3.pdf}
  }\\ % for new row or line of subfigures
  %
  \subfigure[Caption 4] 
  {
      \label{subfig:lab4}
      \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/4.pdf}
  }
  %
  \subfigure[Caption 5] 
  {
      \label{subfig:lab6}
      \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/5.pdf}
  }
  %
  \subfigure[Caption 6] 
  {
      \label{subfig:lab6}
      \includegraphics[width=.3\textwidth]{figures/6.pdf} 
  }
  %
  \caption{Figure Caption}
  \label{fig:Figure ref}
\end{figure*}
latex
#subfigure #subfig #subcaption
LaTeX 子图排版和子图垂直对齐
https://taylorandtony.github.io/2025/03/21/LaTeX-子图排版和子图垂直对齐/
作者
TaylorAndTony
发布于
2025年3月21日
许可协议